Candidates should be able to:

• understand the idea of a non-parametric test and appreciate situations in which such a test might be useful (e.g. when sampling from a population which cannot be assumed to be normally distributed.)
• understand the basis of the sign test, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Including knowledge that Wilcoxon tests are valid only for symmetrical distributions.)
• use a single-sample sign test and a single-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test to test a hypothesis concerning a population median (Including the use of normal approximations where appropriate. Questions will not involve tied ranks or observations equal to the population median value being tested.)
• use a paired-sample sign test, a Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test and a Wilcoxon rank-sum test, as appropriate, to test for identity of populations. (Including the use of normal approximations where appropriate. Questions will not involve tied ranks or zero-difference pairs.)

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